Steam-generator.



PATENTED NOV. 20, 1906.

J. B. VAN OOSTERWYGK.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2. pag.4

STEAM GENERATOR.

APPLICATION FILED MAB.21. 1905.

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No. 886,287. PATENTED NOV. 20, 1906. J. vB. VAN OOSTERWYGK.

STEAM GEI\ILRA'IOR.v

` APP IGATIoN FILED 11113.21. A1905.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 34 THE NaRRls PETERS ca., wAsHmGrmv, nim

JEAN BAPTISTE VAN OOSTERWYGK, OF BRUSSELS, BELGIUM.

STEAM-GEN ERATOR- Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 20, 1906.

Application filed March 21, 1905. Serial No. 251,249.

To all whom,4 it may concern:

Be it known that I, JEAN BAPTISTE VAN OOsTERwYCx, engineer, a subject ofthe King of Belgium, residing in Brussels, Boulevard Anspach, 187, inthe Kingdom of Belgium, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Steam-Generators; and I do hereby declare the followingto be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such aswill enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make anduse the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and toiigures of reference marked therein, which form a part of thisspecification.

The present invention relates to a new device for producing steam, asfully described and claimed in the present specification.

In the accompanying drawings one embodiment of the invention is shown bythe way of example. Figure 1 is a longitudinal section on line A B C D Eof Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is on the left side a front view and on the right sidea transverse section on line F G H I of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a transversesection, on an enlarged scale, on line J K of Fig. 4 of what I call atube-box. Fig. 4 is a horizontal section on line L M of Fig. 3 of thetube-box. Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the same. Fig. 6 is atransverse cut on line J K of Fig. 4, showing the connection between twotube-boxes and showing also what I call the steam-chimneys. Fig. 7 is atransverse section on line N O, Fig. 8, of the tube-boxes, showinganother device of the steam-chimneys, which in this case are external tothe tube-boxes. Fig. 8 is a front view of the same device of tube-boxes.Fig. 9 is a diagrammatical section of the boiler, showing anotherspecial device for the tubeboxes.

The steam-generator shown in Figs. 1 to 9 consists of a series of tubes1 1, which are horizontal or almost horizontal, each of these tubesbeing closed and free at one end and fitted at its other end in the faceof a tubebox 2.

In the device shown in Figs. 1 to 5 each tube-box has a horizontal lineof tubes placed in such a manner that the tubes of two consecutive linesare not on the same vertical line, as clearly shown in Fig. 2 (rightside) and in Fig. 5. These tube-boxes are connected two per two, asshown in Figs. 1 to 6, and especially in Figs. 3, 4, 5, forming thusdouble boxes, each of which has two ranges of tubes and is divided intwo cornpartments by a perforated partition v8, each compartmentcommunicating with one range of tubes. However, the boxes may becompletely separated one from the other, as shown in Figs. 7 and 8, orall the boxes may be connected together, as diagrammatically shown onFig. 9. In this case I make a frame 4 built up with U or I iron, closedon its two faces by two iron plates 5 6, thus forming a large boxdivided in a series of compartments 7, 7 by partitions 8, formed with Uor I irons iitted to the frame'4 and to the plates 5 and 6 in a suitablemanner. In this case each of the compartments 7 has a range of tubes,these tubes being placed the one over the other in the manner aboveexplained. Of course these boxes could be of any other suitable form,such as cylindrical, for instance.

Considering the front view of the boiler7 one horizontal line of tubescorresponds, of course, to one or several boxes, according to the widthof the boiler, the different boxes of one horizontal range beingconnected together with tubes 23, Figs. 2 and 3, in a suitable way.

It is essential to note that the water-tubes 1 1 are not completelyfilled with water, but that a certain space remains free on the upperpart of each tube, so that each of these tubes works as a separateboiler. Thus the tube must be horizontal or have a slight grade in orderthat this free space remains on the whole length, or at least on thegreatest length, of the tube. The parts of the tube which are notinternally in contact with the water are of course covered withfire-clay, as shown at 14 and 16 in Figs. 1 and 2. The boxes are alsoseparated from the furnace by a fire-clay wall 22 in such a manner thatthe tubes alone are in contact with the hot gases.

The steam formed in the tubes is collected in the correspondingtube-boxes. All these boxes are connected. together by steam-chimneys 9(shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 6, and 9) and of such a length that the levelof water cannot reach their top. These chimneys are fitted in holesbored. in the horizontal bottoms or in the partitions of the boxes andplaced in such a manner that the steam collected from the tubes in onegiven box escapes through the chimneys in the upper box, and so on frombox to box, and finally passes into the horizontal collector 10, Figs.1, 2. and 9, which is a single horizontal tube placed at IIO the top ofthe boiler4 Fig. 3 shows how the steam-chimneys 9 are fitted 1n thepartition in case of double or multiple boxes.

Fig. 6 shows the fitting of the chimney 9 between two successiye boxes.This device relates to the cases of single boxes, as 1n Figs. 7 and 8,and of double boxes, as in Figs. 3, 4, and 5. In the case shown in Fig.6 the two successive boxes are connected together by means of tubes 10,which are secured in their bottoms. These tubes have at their end 11 athread which receives the end of the chimney 9.

In order to dry the steam, the internal faces of these chimneys haveinclined blades 12, which prevent the steam from escaping in a directway and causes the steam to leave the moisture that it contains. It isinteresting to note that the dampest steam is produced in the lowesttubes, where the vaporization is the most intensive. The drying of thesteam is such effected in the most rational way, because the dampeststeam has to go over the longest way. Therefore the steam collected inthe collector 10 may be considered as complet-ely dry, and acomparatively small collector may, therefore, be used.

Instead of collecting the steam by chimneys placed internally to thetube-boxes the steam may be collected by external chimneys 13, as shownin Figs. 7 and 8. Flach of the chimneys 13 is connected with the tops oftwo successive boxes. The steam leaving the lowest box passes throughthe chimney 13, where its speed is considerably increased. Then itenters-in the upper box, where the speed decreases suddenly, the resultof this being that the moisture (whose density is higher than that ofthe steam) leaves the steam and falls on the bottom of the box.

As to the heating of the boiler, the hot gases heat directly the twolower ranges of tubes, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. The tubes of the firstlowest range are simply covered with fire-clay caps 14 with suitableholes or separations 15 in order to allow the passage of the gases. Suchcaps are put on the top of the third and flfth ranges, &c. The otherranges (second and fourth, &c.) are covered with closed horizontalfire-clay walls 16 only f open alternatively at one of their ends inorder to compel the gases to go and come back, as generally done insimilar types of furnaces. The holes or openings 15 between thefire-clay caps cause the hot gases to be diffused, and these diffusedgases being in contact with the hot clay burn integrally, pro- I ducinga smokeless combustion. This effect of smokelessness is increased by theuse of a large grate, this type of boiler being such as to allow thisuse without any inconvenience.

The feed-water is introduced in the upper tube-box at 17, Figs. 1 and 2.It fills this box to the desired level, (this level being lower than thetop of the corresponding steamchimneys, as shown in Figs. 1 and 9.) Thenthe water passes through the tube 18, Fig. 2, and fills the second boxto the suitable level. Then it passes through the tube 19 in the fartherbox, &'c., until the filling of the lowest box. On this last box isfitted the watertube 21. This system of feeding has the first advantagethat the feeding can be controlled by means of cocks placed on the tubes18, 19, &c., but the principal advantage is that this device gives amethodic purification of. the feeding water. This water is `firstintroduced in the upper tubes, where the temperature is the lowest. Thiswater passing from these tubes to the following meets increasingtemperatures, and at the same time it deposits its impurities and limesso as to be almost pure when it reaches the lowest tubes, the depositsin these tubes (which are directly in contact with the flames) being ofbut little importance. This is an important feature as to the security.

It is also seen that notwithstanding the small dimensions of thecollector 10 the volume of steam is large, for this volume is thetotality ofthe volume of the steam contained in the whole of thecollector tubes and boxes. Further, these tubes, working in the same wayas boilers,v the production of the steam is rapid and intensive, andaccording to the disposition of the tubes the steam can escape freelyout of the tubes.

Having now fully described my invention, what I claim is- 1. Asteam-generator comprising a plurality of superposed groups of tubes,means for keeping all of the. tubes only partially filled with water,headers connecting the tubes at one end, and pipes arranged outside ofthe headers and leading from the upper part of each header to theadjacent upper header and terminating at a point above the water-levelin said upper header.

2. A steam-generator comprising a plurality of superposed groups oftubes, headers connecting the tubes at one end, and means for keepingall of the tubes only partially filled with water; said means comprisingfeed-pipes arranged outside of the headers and terminating in theheaders on a level with the respective tubes.

In testimony that I claim the foregoingv a my invention I have signed myname in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JEAN BAPTISTE VAN OOSTERWYCK.

Witnesses E. ELREY, GREGORY PHELAN.

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